Phoebus cartel - Wikipedia

The Phoebus cartel was an international cartel that controlled the manufacture and sale of incandescent light bulbs in Europe and North America from 1925 to 1939. It was formed by major corporations including Osram, General Electric, and Philips. The cartel aimed to standardize bulb life at 1,000 hours, a practice commonly cited as an example of planned obsolescence, to increase profits by forcing customers to buy bulbs more frequently.